CHARACTERIZATION OF THE TEMPORAL TREND OF HEART FAILURE MORTALITY IN YOUNG ADULTS IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO, 2014-2024

Resumo

Introduction: Heart failure is a major cause of cardiovascular mortality, with a significant impact on public health. Although it is more prevalent in the elderly, an increasing involvement of young adults has been observed, possibly related to the early onset of cardiovascular risk factors. The analysis of the temporal trend of heart failure mortality in this population allows the identification of changes in the epidemiological profile and supports the development of prevention strategies and health planning. In the state of São Paulo, studies focusing on this issue are still scarce. Objectives: To analyze the temporal trend of heart failure mortality in young adults (aged 20 to 49 years) in the state of São Paulo from 2014 to 2024, describing its distribution over the years and across age groups. Methods: This is an epidemiological, ecological, retrospective, and descriptive study based on the analysis of secondary data on heart failure mortality (ICD-10: I50) in individuals aged 20 to 49 years, residents of the state of São Paulo, from 2014 to 2024. Data were extrac ted from the Mortality Information System (SIM), provided by the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS). The analysis included absolute numbers of deaths and their temporal distribution over the years, with a descriptive presentation of the findings. Results: Between 2014 and 2024, 2,813 deaths due to heart failure were recorded in young adults in the state of São Paulo. There was a marked predominance in the age group of 40 to 49 years (67.12%), with a progressive decrea se in younger age groups, indicating an association between advancing age and a higher occurrence of deaths. Temporal analysis showed an increasing trend starting in 2020, with a peak in 2021 (10.49%), followed by persistently high levels through 2024 (10.10%), in contrast to the lowest percentage observed in 2019 (7.54%). Conclusions: There was a predominance of heart failure mortality in young adults in the 40 -49 years age group, with a percentage increase in deaths from 2020 onward. These findings suggest a recent worsening of the heart failure burden in this population, reinforcing the importance of early cardiovascular prevention strategies and the strengthening of young adult healthcare.